Salesforce Scenario Based Questions 2025

This article concerns real-time and knowledgeable Salesforce Scenario-Based Questions 2025. It is drafted with the interview theme in mind to provide maximum support for your interview. Go through these Salesforce Tower Scenario-Based Questions 2025 to the end, as all scenarios have their importance and learning potential.📌

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Disclaimer:
These solutions are based on my experience and best effort. Actual results may vary depending on your setup. Codes may need some tweaking.

1. Scenario: Lookup vs Master‑Detail Deletion

Question: You’re configuring a lookup relationship between Employees and Devices. If you delete a Device record, what happens to the related Employee records?
Answer:

Lookup relationships are loose links.
Deleting the parent (Device) doesn’t affect child records.
Employees stay intact, but the lookup field becomes blank.
No record deletion cascade.

2. Scenario: Master‑Detail Reverse Creation

Question: You try to create a master-detail on the “many” side (Employee → Device) in reverse. Why doesn’t “Device” appear as an option?
Answer:

Reverse master-detail implies Device is parent, Employee is child.
Salesforce only allows defining master-detail on child.
Since employees already reference device or aren’t designed for it, Device isn’t available.
This enforces data model integrity.

3. Scenario: Many‑to‑Many via Junction Object

Question: You need a many‑to‑many relationship: one employee can join multiple clubs, and each club can have many employees. How would you model this in Salesforce?
Answer:

Create a “Membership” junction object.
Add two master-detail fields: Membership → Employee and Membership → Club.
Each membership record links one employee and one club.
This maps the N:M relationship cleanly.

4. Scenario: Deletion Cascade in Junction Setup

Question: If a Club gets deleted, what happens to the related Membership and Employee records?
Answer:

Deleting a parent object cascades to child memberships.
Membership records linking employees to that club are deleted.
Employee records remain unaffected.
No unintended deletion of employee or other clubs.

5. Scenario: Roll-Up Summary Fields Setup

Question: You want to display total devices and total club memberships on the Employee record. How do you achieve that?
Answer:

On Employee (master), create Roll-Up Summary fields.
First summary: count of child Devices.
Second summary: count of Membership records.
Third summary: sum of a membership fee field.
These fields auto‑aggregate data from child objects.

6. Scenario: Displaying Child Data on Parent Layout

Question: After creating junction and roll‑ups, Employees still show blank related lists. How do you fix that?
Answer:

Customize Employee page layout.
Under Related Lists, edit “Assigned Devices” and “Member Of”: add fields like Device Type, Club Name, Fee.
Save and refresh.
Now, related records display correctly with necessary details.

7. Scenario: User-Level Data Isolation

Question: You don’t want sales reps (Aziz, Dhini) to see each other’s accounts. How can you enforce this?
Answer:

Use data-level sharing: Organization-Wide Defaults (OWD) set Accounts private.
Each user sees only their records.
Profiles control object access; sharing rules aren’t needed.
Ensures isolation in multi-user sales teams.

8. Scenario: Profile vs Platform License Assignment

Question: You’re creating users Aziz, Dhini, Hina, Daker with different roles. How do you choose licenses and profiles?
Answer:

Identify license: Salesforce User for CRM needs, Platform User for limited access.
Clone standard profiles: e.g., Custom SU, SPU, JSR, Legal.
Assign profiles based on job function.
Licenses + profiles determine object read/write permissions.

9. Scenario: Prepping Login IP Ranges

Question: You must restrict login access for certain users. What setup is required in Salesforce profiles?
Answer:

In each profile, set Login IP Ranges (e.g., 0.0.0.0–255.255.255.255).
Prevents logins from outside those IP ranges.
Useful for high-security roles like Legal.
Enhances controlled access.

10. Scenario: Ensuring Field-Level Visibility

Question: You’ve added fields to employee like “Number of Devices”, but users still can’t see them. Why?
Answer:

Likely missing field-level security assignment.
In profile settings, make the field visible/editable.
Also confirm the field’s presence on the page layout.
Only then will users see and interact with it.

11. Scenario: Junction Object Fee Updates

Question: A membership fee on the »Membership« junction object changes. How does it reflect in the Employee’s total membership fee?
Answer:

Roll‑Up Summary field recalculates automatically.
Employee’s “Total Membership Fee” updates without manual intervention.
Ensures real‑time consistency.
No extra automation or code required.

12. Scenario: Prevent Deletion of Devices If Linked

Question: You want to prevent deletion of Devices that are still linked to an Employee via lookup. How do you implement that?
Answer:

Use a validation rule: ISBLANK(LookupField__c) = FALSE → error.
Alternatively, use a before-delete Apex trigger checking lookup usage.
Prevents orphaned child records.
Maintains referential integrity.

13. Scenario: Conversion From Lookup to Master‑Detail

Question: You need to convert an existing Lookup between Employee and Device into a Master‑Detail. What do you check before converting?
Answer:

Ensure all child records have a non‑null parent value.
No orphaned Device records.
Must have fewer than two master-detail parents.
Once safe, update relationship type in Salesforce setup.

14. Scenario: Restricting Junction Object Deletion

Question: You don’t want Membership records to be deleted when an Employee leaves. How do you adjust the relationship?
Answer:

Change Membership → Employee to lookup instead of master-detail.
Lookup allows independent child deletion.
Users manually clean up junctions.
Prevents data loss of historical memberships.

15. Scenario: Roll‑Up Summary Limitations

Question: You try to add a roll-up summary for membership expiry dates. Why can’t you?
Answer:

Roll-up works only on numeric, currency, date fields.
Doesn’t support text or picklist.
Workaround: Use Apex trigger or scheduled batch job.
Populate a helper numeric field and roll-up on that.

16. Scenario: Handling Large Data Volumes

Question: Your org has 200k Membership records. Roll-up fields now time-out. What do you do?
Answer:

Use declarative DLRS (Declarative Lookup Rollup Summaries) tool.
Or implement asynchronous Apex (Batch/Schedulable).
Optimize queries with selective filters.
Ensure governor limits are respected.

17. Scenario: Selective Sharing Model

Question: Sharing settings are Public Read/Write. You want Employee-specific visibility. What steps?
Answer:

Change OWD base setting to Private.
Use role hierarchy or sharing rules for broader access.
Users see their own records only.
Granular visibility based on business needs.

18. Scenario: Sharing Junction-Based Data

Question: Club owners should see all their membership data. Employees only see their own. How to configure?
Answer:

OWD: Membership private.
Use sharing rules: share Membership with Club Owner’s role/owner.
Junction tab visibility ensures UI access.
Maintain minimal duplicates.

19. Scenario: Profile vs Permission Set

Question: One user needs extra field visibility only for one object. Should you use profiles or permission sets?
Answer:

Use Permission Set for special permissions.
Don’t create multiple profiles for small changes.
Keeps profile count low and easy to manage.
Assign only where needed.

20. Scenario: Audit Trail for Junction Changes

Question: You need auditing of Membership creation and fee changes. What approach?
Answer:

Enable Field History Tracking on Membership fields.
Track specific fields: Fee, Club lookup, Employee lookup.
Reports can show who changed what and when.
For advanced tracking use Audit Trail or triggers.

21. Scenario: Handling Recursive Master‑Detail

Question: You accidentally reference the same object twice as master on Membership. Why is Master‑Detail disabled?
Answer:

Junction object cannot have two masters pointing at the same object.
Limits to a maximum of two master-detail fields—and they must be different parents.
Prevents circular references.

22. Scenario: Schema Design for Club Owner

Question: You want to assign ownership of Club records. Which field do you use?
Answer:

Clubs use OwnerId field (standard Object Owner).
Choose owner based on Club role (e.g., manager).
Sharing grants based on role hierarchy.
Enables field-level security and assignment workflows.

23. Scenario: Prevent Duplicate Memberships

Question: Employees should only join a club once. How do you ensure it?
Answer:

Use a unique external ID or name field combining Employee & Club IDs.
Set field to Unique.
Use validation rule if necessary.
Stops duplicate junction entries.

24. Scenario: Junction Object UI Customization

Question: By default, related membership list shows Membership Name only. How to show fee and club name?
Answer:

Customize the Related List for Membership on Employee layout.
Click wrench icon → select Club lookup & Fee fields.
Save and refresh.
Data now visible inline.

25. Scenario: Automate Membership Approval

Question: New Membership needs manager approval based on fee > $100. Describe your automation.
Answer:

Use Process Builder or Flow on Membership object.
Add criteria: Fee > 100.
Send email alert to manager for approval.
On approval, update Membership Status to Approved.

26. Scenario: Bypass Lookup Population via Flow

Question: On Employee record insert, auto-create a Membership to default club. How to do this?
Answer:

Build an After-Save Record-Triggered Flow on Employee.
Create new Membership record with EmployeeId and default ClubId.
Set default fee if needed.
Keeps relationships consistent.

27. Scenario: Handling DML in Roll‑Up Triggers

Question: You implement Apex trigger on Membership to update Employee. You hit circular DML errors. What’s your strategy?
Answer:

Use @future or Queueable to perform updates asynchronously.
Or do bulk-safe trigger avoids recursive updates.
Use static variables to prevent recursion.
Comply with governor limits.

28. Scenario: Reporting Many‑to‑Many

Question: You need a report of Employees with their Clubs and Fees. What report type do you use?
Answer:

Create a Custom Report Type: Membership as primary, Employees and Club as lookups.
Add fields: Employee Name, Club Name, Fee.
Build matrix/tabular report.
Add filters on fee or club easily.

29. Scenario: Data Export Without Memberships

Question: You need to export Employee data but exclude Membership-related fields. How?
Answer:

Use Data Loader on Employee object.
Select only desired fields: name, title, counts, etc.
Do not include junction or lookup fields.
Export runs quickly without membership join overhead.

30. Scenario: Secure Club Access by Role

Question: Legal department users shouldn’t access club data. How enforce visibility at object layer?
Answer:

Remove Clubs tab from Legal profile.
In profile, set Read/Edit/Delete permissions to “None” on Club object.
Customize page layouts if required.
Prevent unauthorized access.

31. Scenario: Batch Reassign Memberships

Question: A Club leader leaves. You need to move all their club memberships to a new Employee en masse. How?
Answer:

Use Data Loader or Data Import Wizard.
Export Memberships where EmployeeId = old leader.
Update CSV by replacing with new EmployeeId.
Re-import with “Update” option.

32. Scenario: Data Skew with High Child Record Volume

Question: If 10k Memberships link back to single Club, UI related list slows. What’s your solution?
Answer:

Paginate related lists or switch to custom Lightning components.
Use indexed custom list view filters.
Consider sub-tab offline pagination with LWC.
Or use related list limit capping.

33. Scenario: Use Lightning App Builder

Question: You need to show summary widgets (e.g., number of devices, total fees) on Employee Lightning page. How?
Answer:

Use Lightning App Builder on Employee record page.
Add “Record Detail”, “Related Lists” components.
Use “Metrics” component to surface totals.
No coding required.

34. Scenario: Bulk Membership Upload

Question: You have CSV of Employee–Club pairings with fees. How to bulk insert efficiently?
Answer:

Use Data Loader or Data Import Wizard.
Ensure valid EmployeeId and ClubId columns.
Set Fee value in CSV.
Bulk load in one go; mapping matching the junction object.

35. Scenario: Trigger on Device Count Overflow

Question: You want to alert manager if an Employee has > 10 devices. How build it?
Answer:

Create after-update trigger on Device or Employee.
Check updated Device count via Roll-Up.
If >10, fire a custom notification or send email.
Or configure Flow similar to Trigger action.

36. Scenario: Lookup vs. Master‑Detail in Junction

Question: Why aren’t both junction relationships lookups instead of master-details?
Answer:

Master-detail enforces ownership and roll-up summary availability.
Junction needs cascading delete and roll-ups.
Lookup wouldn’t auto-clean orphan records.
Master-detail simplifies sharing inheritance.

37. Scenario: Reparent Junction Records

Question: A Club record is reparented (via reparentable master-detail). Do membership ownerships update automatically?
Answer:

Yes. Subordinate records inherit owner of parent.
Memberships reflect new parent’s ownership.
Roll-ups recalculated.
No manual intervention needed.

38. Scenario: Apex Trigger on Device Delete

Question: On device deletion, you want to log audit. How do you handle deletion triggers?
Answer:

Use before-delete trigger on Device object.
Collect device info.
Create custom AuditLog__c record for record having changed.
Ensure error handling to avoid blocking deletion.

39. Scenario: Lookup Filters

Question: When assigning a Membership, you want clubs filtered by Location. How to enforce that?
Answer:

Use Lookup Filter on Membership → Club field.
Add filter: Club.Location = Membership.Location.
Enforced at data entry.
Prevents wrong assignments.

40. Scenario: Account & Opportunity Sharing

Question: Does setting Sharing to Private on Account and Opportunity restrict access to parent-owned records?
Answer:

Yes for both objects.
Visible only to record owner and above in role hierarchy.
Use sharing rules to open up access as needed.
Ensures controlled seller territories.

41. Scenario: Field History Cleanup

Question: Field history tracking is filling up storage. How to clean up older change history?
Answer:

Use Data Loader or Workbench to export and delete history older than specified date.
Schedule monthly batch deletion.
Alternatively, set retention policies via API.
Free up storage effectively.

42. Scenario: Sandbox Refresh Impact

Question: You refresh a sandbox. Membership fee defaults and junction configs reset. What should you verify?
Answer:

Confirm default field values (like fee default).
Check profiles, permissions, IP settings.
Validate sharing settings.
Re-run production data loads if necessary.

43. Scenario: Performance on High Write Volume

Question: Thousands of memberships are updated per hour. Roll-ups are slowing. How optimize?
Answer:

Move roll-up calculations to Async Apex (Queueable).
Use handling via Batch Apex nightly.
Throttle updates; avoid constant recalculation.
Monitor with debug logs.

44. Scenario: Governor Limits with Roll-Ups

Question: You hit “Too many query rows” error during batch membership roll-up. How fix?
Answer:

Batch Apex with smaller chunk size (200).
Use selective filters.
Index on lookup field.
Avoid including unnecessary parent fields.

45. Scenario: Deletion of Parent in Deep Hierarchy

Question: Deleting an Employee should remove their Memberships and LWC logs, but not the Clubs. How to set up?
Answer:

Memberships are cascade via master-detail to Employee.
LWC logs could also cascade.
Ensure Club relationship is lookup, so Clubs remain.
Maintains data structure as needed.

46. Scenario: Apex Scheduler on Junction

Question: You need to inactivate Clubs if no memberships in last 1 year. How schedule this check?
Answer:

Create scheduled Apex class query Memberships where last activity < 365 days.
Check active Clubs missing membership for year.
Set IsActive = false.
Schedule via cron expression.

47. Scenario: Sharing Membership via Apex

Question: You need to programmatically share Memberships with external users. How?
Answer:

Use Apex Share object (e.g., Membership__Share).
Insert share records setting UserOrGroupId, AccessLevel (Read/Write).
Control via Code in Trigger or Batch.
Automated, granular sharing.

48. Scenario: Lightning Component Display

Question: You want a component that lists all active clubs for an Employee. How do you implement?
Answer:

Build Aura/LWC component querying Memberships where EmployeeId = current record and Club.IsActive = true.
Display Club.Name and Fee.
Add component to Employee Lightning Page.
Offers dynamic, filtered view.

49. Scenario: Migrating Membership Data

Question: You move org to new namespace and object API names change. Membership import fails. Troubleshoot steps?
Answer:

Verify field API names post-namespace.
Update CSV column headers to new names.
Adjust mapping in Data Loader.
Perform small test import before full load.

50. Scenario: Prevent Orphan Records in Mass Delete

Question: Deleting many employees via Data Loader deletes memberships but leaves some orphaned. How do you ensure cleanup?
Answer:

Master-detail ensures cascade delete automatically.
If lookup used, run a post-delete flow or batch to remove child Memberships where EmployeeId = null.
Schedule cleanup daily.
Keeps the data clean.

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